المنهج الكلامي للإمام الرازي في كتابه: (أساس التقديس)، “دراسة تحليلية نقدية”

Abstract

This research examines the theological approach of Imam Fakhr al-Din al-Razi in his book “Asas al-Taqdis.” Al-Razi wrote this book with the aim of proving God’s transcendence of corporeality and place, and refuting those who maintain direction and other aspects of what God Almighty is transcendent from. Imam al-Razi adopted a specific approach in his book “Asas al-Taqdis” to respond to these doubts, relying on rational evidence to prove God’s transcendence of corporeality and place. This study sheds light on the theological approach adopted by al-Razi in responding to the anthropomorphists and anthropomorphists, while explaining the theological images and techniques he used in “The Foundation of Sanctification” in comparison with the earlier Ash’arites, as well as with the Maturidi and Mu’tazilite schools. The study relied on an analytical-critical approach, explaining al-Razi’s position on rational and transmitted evidence, as well as the dialectic of the relationship between reason and transmitted knowledge in al-Razi. The reasons that led him to prioritize reason over tradition in matters of faith. The research also relied on the deductive approach to explain the reasons that led al-Razi to prioritize reason over tradition in proving that God Almighty is free from all that is unbecoming of Him. The researcher concluded that al-Razi was not an imitator of his predecessors. His approach differed from that of Imam al-Ash’ari, as well as that of the early Ash’aris, in his clear rationalist tendency. Likewise, in his use of rhetorical devices and imagery, it is evident that al-Razi was at times influenced by the philosophers’ approaches and followed their example in employing their dialectical methods.